Mid Air Collision at Camp Evans RVN October 3, 1968
Probably one of the greatest fears in Vietnam was to die on the way home.
Time and again there were example after example of how you weren't
really safe until you heard the wheels thump into the wheel wells of the
DC-8 Freedom Bird taking us home. What follows is our recollections of
that day in 1968, the accident report and the list of all known KIAs from
the National Archives for the First Cavalry Division.
It all started with:
Pat Murphy A/228, a CH-47 Chinook unit,
Do you or anyone else remember the mid-air between a Hook from A Co.
228th, and a fixed wing carrying guys home? Again, I don't remember the
date, but I was washing my ship at Evans when I heard the crash. All
killed in both aircraft. Real sad.
Official Accident Summary:
THE US AIR FORCE C7-A DEPARTED CAMP EVANS AIRFIELD FROM RUNWAY
36. HIS LAST RADIO TRANSMISSION AFTER RECEIVING TOWER CLEARANCE
WAS "ROLLING". THIS AIRCRAFT WAS OBSERVED TO BREAK RIGHT PRIOR TO
REACHING THE END OF THE RUNWAY. HE CONTINUED A CLIMBING TURN TO A
HEADING OF APPROXIMATELY 130 DEGREES. THE CH-47 HELICOPTER HAD
DEPARTED LZ NANCY ONLY A FEW MINUTES BEFORE. IT WAS PROCEEDING
SOUTH ALONG HIGHWAY QL-1, ON A HEADING OF 170 DEGREES, IN A
SHALLOW DESCENT. THIS IS A SCHEDULED DAILY PASSENGER AND MAIL
SHUTTLE AND WOULD HAVE ENTERED TRAFFIC ON A RIGHT BASE LEG FOR
LANDING AT THE CAMP EVANS ASP PAD IS THE REGULAR STOP FOR THIS
SHUTTLE AND IS LOCATED EAST OF THE CENTERLINE OF RUNWAY 36,
APPROXIMATELY 1000 FEET SOUTH OF THE APPROACH END OF THAT RUNWAY.
HE HAD NOT YET CALLED THE TOWER FOR CLEARANCE, THOUGH HIS UHF
RADIO WAS ON TOWER FREQUENCY. IT IS ESTIMATED THAT THE CH-47 WAS
CRUISING AT APPROXIMATELY 95 TO 100 KNOTS. THE C7A WITH CLIMB
POWER, SHOULD HAVE BEEN AT ABOUT 105 KNOTS. THE TWO AIRCRAFT
CONVERGED AT AN ALTITUDE OF APPROXIMATELY 1100 FEET AT A RELATIVE
ANGLE OF APPROXIMATELY 40 DEGREES. THE COCKPIT SECTION OF THE
C7-A CONTACTED THE REAR ROTOR OF THE HELICOPTER. THE C7-A HAD
STARTED A RIGHT BANK, PROBABLY A LAST MINUTE ATTEMPT TO AVOID THE
COLLISION. WHEN THE TWO AIRCRAFT COLLIDED, AT LEAST ONE OF THE
HELICOPTER REAR ROTOR BLADES SLICED THRU THE COCKPIT SECTION OF
THE AIRPLANE ON AN ANGLE FROM THE TOP OF THE COPILOTS WINDSHIELD
DOWN TO THE BOTTOM OF THE PILOTS WINDSHIELD, KILLING BOTH PILOTS
INSTANTLY, AND DESTROYING ALL ENGINE CONTROLS. AT THE SAME TIME,
ONE OF THE ROTOR BLADES, OR DEBRIS FROM THE COCKPIT STRUCK THE
LEFT PROPELLOR OF THE C7-A. ONE OF THE BLADES WAS SEVERED FROM
THE PROPELLER, AND PASSED THROUGH BOTH SIDES OF THE FUSELAGE OF
THE AIRPLANE. THE LEFT PROPELLER THEN SEPARATED FROM THE ENGINE
AND FELL TO THE GROUND. THE C7-A MADE A STEEP DESCENDING RIGHT
TURN AND STRUCK THE GROUND ON A HEADING OF 340 DEGREES. THE
AIRCRAFT DISINTEGRATED, ALL PERSONNEL ABOARD PERISHED, THERE WAS
NO FIRE. THE CH-47, AT THE MOMENT OF THE COLLISION LOST ALL OF
ITS REAR MAIN ROTOR BLADES. ONCE THESE BLADES WERE BROKEN AND
DISTORED BY THE COLLISION, THEY CHOPPED INTO THE TOP OF THE
HELICOPTERS FUSELAGE BEFORE FINALLY SEPARATING FROM THE HUB. THEY
DISLODGED TWO SECTIONS OF THE SYNCHRONIZER DRIVE SHAFT WHICH ALSO
FELL TO THE GROUND. AT THIS TIME, NEITHER ROTOR SYSTEM COULD
PROVIDE ANY THRUST, AND THE HELICOPTER BECAME A FREE FALLING
BODY. WHILE IT WAS TUMBLING TO EARTH, THE REAR ROTOR MAST AND
PYLON SEPARATED FROM THE FUSELAGE AND LANDED 150 METERS SHORT OF
THE FUSELAGE. THE FUSELAGE TUMBLED TO EARTH AND IMPACTED ON A
HEADING OF APPROXIMATELY 120 DEGREES. IT LANDED ON ITS TOP LEFT
SIDE IN A NOSE HIGH ATTITUDE, WITH NEAR ZERO FORWARD SPEED. IT
EXPLODED ON IMPACT. TWO PERSONS FELL OUT OF THE HELICOPTER AS IT
TUMBLED THRU THE AIR. THEY WERE FATALLY INJURED ON CONTACT WITH
THE GROUND. THOSE REMAINING IN THE HELICOPTER DIED IN THE
CRASH.\\
Information on U.S. Army helicopter tail number 66-19041
Date: 681003
Incident number: 681003141ACD Accident case number: 681003141 Total loss
or fatality Accident
Unit: A/ 228 Combat Support Aviation Battalion 1st Cavalry Division,
Phu Bai Province,
Number killed in accident: 11 Injured: 0 Passengers: 6
Crew Members:
AC W2 JOHNSON THOMAS EUGENE KIA
P W1 CONROY RONALD LEE KIA
FE E4 COSTLEY LARRY L KIA
CE E4 PIERCE JERRY LEE JR KIA
G E4 REESE DENNIS DEAN KIA
Passengers from the aircraft accident list are:
CPT ALDERSON THOMAS EARL,
SFC CLEMENTS DAWSON,
SSG YOUNG WILLIAM RANDOLPH,
PFC LUCIER JOHN WILLIAM,
SSG WALLACE CHARLES JAMES,
SP4 SEE MICHAEL DUANE,
CPT Thomas E. Alderson was not a member of the First Cav and not listed
in the National Archives list of all known losses - 1st Cavarly Division
The National Archives list of all known losses in the 1st Cavalry
Division on October 3, 1968 lists the following names. Each name has a
code beside it which designates whether they were on the CH-47 or the
C-7A. The military occupational specialty (MOS) is the numerical
designation shown to the right of the name, i.e 11B20 is a lower ranking
infantryman. Need help with the MOSs not identified.
SFC Dawson Clement 31G40 CH-47
WO1 Ronald L. Conroy 062B CoPilot CH-47 CH-47
SP4 Larry L. Costley 67U20 CH-47 Crewmember CH-47
SP4 Donald J. Cramer Jr. 05B20 Comm. Specialist C-7A
SP4 David J. Dellangelo 11B20 Infantryman C-7A
SP5 David A. Disrud 44C20 C-7A
SP5 Allen E. Gomes 94B20 Cook C-7A
SP5 Dale G. Granger 31E20 C-7A
PFC Joe J. Hibbler 11B20 Infantryman C-7A
CW2 Thomas E. Johnson 062B Pilot CH 47 CH-47
PFC John W. Lucier 71F20 CH-47
SP5 David B. Perreault 94B20 Cook C-7A
SP5 Jerry L. Pierce 67U20 CH 47 Crewmember CH-47
SP4 Dennis D. Reese 67A1P OH-6 Crew Chief CH-47 He was the
gunner on the 47
SP4 Michael D. See 91B20 Medic CH-47
PFC Robert D. Tomlinson 11B20 Infantryman C-7A
SSG Charles J. Wallace 67Y40 AH-1G Maint NCO CH-47
PFC Dennis A. Wirt 11B20 Infantryman C-7A
SSG William R. Young 45B40 CH-47
From the United States Air Force in Southeast Asia-Tactical Airlift, page
475:
Prior to 1968, three serious operational problems defied
effective solution, all requiring better coordination between the U.S.
Army and the Air Force in the field. First, flying officers of both
services testified to the danger of midair collision near forward
airstrips. This was the result of uncontrolled flying, impcompatible
radio equipment, and the absence of commonly accepted procedures for Army
helicopter and Air Force transport operations at shared airheards. A
midair collision between a Caribou and a Chinook near Camp Evans on
October 3, 1968, cost twenty five lives and tragically illustrated the
problem. Second, physical conditions at forward airstrips were sometimes
unnecessarily dangerous. Hazards included bunkers or other obstacles
near runways and taxi areas, uncontrolled vehicle and pedestrian traffic
and landing surfaces needing improvement. Third, a better system for
warning transport crews of firing by friendly artillery was needed. The
destruction of an Air Force Caribou by a 155MM shell while landing at Ha
Thanh in August 1967 highlighted this problem.
SLONIKER NOTE: I found the above incredulous. The aircraft were ARMY
aircraft until 1966 and worked perfectly in the Army environment from
their intial deployment from Ft Benning in 1962 until their turnover to
Air Force in 1966. The radios and procedures worked fine when flown by
Army crews. The aircraft supported Special Forces camps with
distinction, being the sole source of resupply for them. Running into a
Chinook on a severe clear day is a lack of crew coordination in the
cockpit of the C-7A Caribou and nothing else.
Secondly, I spoke to the battery commander of the battery that
shot down the C-7A at Ha Thanh in 1967 while as a gunnery instructor at
Ft Sill Okla in 1969. The Air Force C-7A aircraft commander had been
told twice the battery was in a contact fire mission and was firing
continous fire for an Infantry company in close contact. He flew in
anyway, got the tail shot off and killed everyone on board the ship.
Thirdly, in May 1968, I was on a C-7A that tore its wing off on
landing at Dak Pek. We all escaped without injury and only the ripped
off wing burned. (Picture will be sent to Larry Russell for this page)
Both pilots were Lt Cols who were former fighter pilots working in the
Pentagon who were told to report to C-7 transition and to Vietnam. Read
no tactical airlift experience.
The transfer of the Caribou to the Air Force will forever be a
sore spot. I was hoping the history will have more credibility.
Joe Potvin A/227 a UH-1H Huey unit
I can't remember the exact date but in 68, sometime after TET at Hue
and before we went into Khe Sahn there was a mid air collision between a
C7-A and a Chinook just south of the perimeter of Camp Evans.( Sloniker
note: It was 6 months after Khe Sahn-have discussed with Potvin)
I was sitting in POL hot refueling and watched the C7-A take off to
the North from the active runway. We were facing north so I lost sight of
the fixed wing after it made a hard right break which I'm sure kept it
either inside of or over HWY1. The Air Force jocks thought the Evans area
was pretty dangerous so they max performanced takeoffs out of there to
limit exposure.
The next thing I knew was my crew chief was at my door telling me he
had just watched the C7 run into a Chinook, at about the same time the
tower frequency lit up with calls for assistance from any helicopters in
the area.
We buttoned up and headed for the crash sight, you could see smoke
coming from the CH-47 crash site but the C7 was harder to find. I landed
next to the C7 wreakage ( a polite term meaning big ass hole in the rice
paddy ) and did a quick walk around with my crew chief. There wasn't a
thing left. It was all buried in the rice paddy ( no standing water but
still wet ). The biggest thing I saw was one of the mangled engines..
Chief and I looked at each other, went back to aircraft and left the
area. Not a pleasant sight. By that time many more troops were arriving
and it was clear we were only in the way. I don't think any of us wanted
to stay around and sift through the wreakage looking for parts.
Gene Lassiter C & HQ, 228, 68-69
I was already at Bn HQ when this happened. I remember Lt. Col.
Paquette , who commanded from June to December 1968, in a rage because
the AF type who commanded the Caribou unit tried to blame the Hook for
the crash. It turned out that the Caribou driver was horsing around and
pulled a steep climb and turn immediately after take-off. If I remember
right, the blade of the Hook took out the cockpit of the Caribou and it
was thought that the plane was otherwise flyable, but of course had no
hands "at the wheel". I think there was a Longhorn on the Caribou going
on R&R and his brother was at Evans watching the whole thing. I could be
wrong about that. Still don't remember the date. The 228th flight surgeon
was one of the first on the scene and I'll never forget his face when he
came back. We were all pretty sick.
Dave Greene B/227
The mid-air between the hook and the caribou happened the day before Iwas
to DEROS (from Evans to AnKhe). I was watching the Caribou take off
('cause I was to ride it the next afternoon), when it turned through the
downwind leg of traffic. It clipped the back rotor of the hook. It lost
about 15-20 feet of wing, but the rotors probably went through the
cockpit too. It pitched up to stall, then nosed over straight down. The
hook started to spin, throwing bodies out the back of the aircraft. God,
what a horrible sight. I think 42 people were killed. It was hard to
get on that plane the next day!